I don’t really like the toxic nature of this strategy,…. This year it was about March 27-April 6. The only current reliable method of killing lesser celandine is to use glyphosate. The one that worked the best was to cover the infected area with a layer of cardboard, and about 6″-12″ of leaves when they come down in the fall ( have 5 big leaf maples so it makes it easy). it seemed to work. Small infestations of lesser celandine can be controlled by hand digging. And, just know that the process will take persistence and vigilance. The intake of the plant should be avoided due to the presence of several toxins. I read many articles and used a few tacts last year and this year. This can work in areas where the soil, moisture and all other factors are inline. Always follow instructions on the label. This works best in garden beds, or in very small infestations (1-10 plants). Spread the word, but don’t spread the problem. We moved to North Canterbury NZ nearly a year ago and did not see any signs of this horrendous plant in October. Lesser celandine is one of the first weeds to appear in the growing season, before it disappears again by mid May. The fruit is 2.5 mm long, underdeveloped achene, pubescent and short bristles is present on its tip. Lesser celandine is a perennial - 20% acetic acid is unlikely to have any long term effect. Believe it or not, chemical treatment is the recommended method for eradication of this plant- especially for larger areas of infestation. Lesser celandine is available for purchase in many varieties. The invasive plant species was originated in Northern Africa and Europe. For the complete eradication of lesser celandine chemical treatment is considered to be most effective. This was the clearest and most informative Reporting of one persons objective and careful note taking on their own progress against lesser celandine. I was not at all optimistic when we began this project, and results were not immediate other than the plants looked a little “sad” after they got sprayed a second time. The problem with trying to “live with it” is that it takes over everything in your garden, your neighbor’s yard, and the natural areas, if there are any nearby. with deep roots. It has been used extensively for stiltgrass - key thing to note, stiltgrass is an annual. This year it was about March 27-April 6. Before doing research I threw it in the compost and of course it taken root in there. When these seemingly pretty plants overtake the beautiful native ones, it upsets the balance to the wildlife that depend on the vegetation to survive. Many people forget that when you're using it to kill plants it is a pesticide (not allowed for volunteers to use on parkland). This early spring bloomer is perfect for a woodland garden. A non-native invasive from Europe, it has crowded out native spring wildflowers to the point where we are seeing none. But the most scary part is that the celandine cannot be pulled or easily controlled. Hundreds of these plants everywhere!!! Looks can be deceiving. I’m going to try planting a new ground cover this year: creeping thyme. We really doused it, especially any flowers that were blooming. Just a left field idea….. Last year I decided it was time to make total war on lesser celandine, which was taking over my garden. 20% Acetic acid is actually recommended for sidewalk/driveway cracks and in gravel. Turf weed killer or selective weed killer? The plant also referred to as Grian (the sun) or spring messenger. They do not open before 9 o’clock. Floods and dispersal events spread this plant throughout our area. As time and energy allows I will sift through and bag but will try glyphosate 360. But ask the native spring-blooming plant community, and they will tell you the truth about lesser celandine. Also sage, mint, chocolate mint seem to thrive as well and are easily controlled. It however really has made no difference, in fact looks worse {spread).